Finance Act 2025 reproduces the Act in full — all 107 sections across six Parts, plus the Schedule of miscellaneous technical amendments.
Every section is followed by commentary in plain English: what the section changes, which provision it amends, and the date it takes effect. 120 pages.
What’s inside?
Universal social charge (ss 1-2)
- Definitions
- USC rates
Income tax (ss 3-25)
- Rent tax credit
- Mortgage interest tax credit
- Help to buy (HTB)
- Living donors
- Charities
- Amateur athletic bodies
- Sports bodies
- Charge to USC
- Donations to sports national governing bodies
- Micro-generation of electricity
- Musical instruments
- Qualifying fund manager annual return
- Repeal — Finance Act 2024 s 14
- Automatic enrolment retirement savings scheme
- Repeal — Finance Act 2024 s 15
- Automatic enrolment — consequential amendments
- Key Employee Engagement Programme (KEEP)
- Professional services withholding tax (PSWT)
- Relevant contracts tax (RCT)
- Foreign earnings deduction (FED)
- Special Assignee Relief Programme (SARP)
- Benefit in kind — car
- Benefit in kind — van
Income tax, corporation tax and CGT (ss 26-41)
- Energy-efficient equipment
- Gas vehicles and refuelling equipment
- Farm safety equipment
- Slurry storage
- Living city initiative
- Retrofitting expenditure
- Estimate of tax due
- Cost rental properties
- Non-commercial State-sponsored bodies
- Scientific research
- Foreign body corporates
- Life policies and investment funds
- Chargeable gains accruing to unit trusts
- Dividend withholding tax — investment partnerships
- Collective investment schemes
- Group payments
Corporation tax (ss 42-50)
- Eligible construction expenditure
- Intangible assets
- Company reconstructions without change of ownership
- Relief for investment in films
- Digital games
- Participation exemption for foreign distributions
- Interest limitation rule
- Interest on intra-group loans
- Country-by-country reporting
Capital gains tax (ss 51-52)
- Entrepreneur relief
- Farm restructuring
Excise (ss 53-66)
- Mineral oil tax
- Natural gas carbon tax reliefs
- Solid fuel carbon tax reliefs
- Rates of tobacco products tax
- Interpretation
- Time when duty becomes due
- Returns
- Payment of duty with bet
- Regulations for payment of duty on bets
- De-registration of bookmaking premises
- Amusement machine licence duty — repealed
- Excise duty relief claims
- Temporary exemption from registration
- Vehicle registration tax — remission and repayment
Value-added tax (VAT) (ss 67-77)
- Definitions
- Election to register
- Reduced rate for electricity and gas
- Reduced rate for social housing
- Reduced rate for restaurants and hairdressing
- Hire of hotel rooms other than for accommodation
- Tax invoiced by flat-rate farmers
- Waiver of exemption
- Waiver of exemption — consequential amendments
- Penalties
- Financial services
Stamp duties (ss 78-86)
- Definitions
- Land used for residential development — repayment
- Miscellaneous stamp duty amendments
- Agreements and licences
- Exemptions and reliefs
- Further levy on financial institutions
- Levy on authorised insurers
- Transfers to young trained farmers
- Further farm consolidation relief
Capital acquisitions tax (CAT) (ss 87-90)
- Definitions
- Interest in assurance policy becoming interest in possession
- Business relief
- Assessment of executors and administrators
Miscellaneous (ss 91-107)
- Definitions
- Crypto-asset reporting framework
- General anti-avoidance
- Returns of information by financial institutions
- Pillar Two — global minimum tax
- Company mergers and divisions
- Confidentiality of taxpayer information
- Delivery, service and evidence of notices
- Time limit for Revenue assessments
- Payment of preliminary tax by direct debit
- Date for payment of tax on amended assessments
- Obligation to file a return
- Residential zoned land tax (RZLT)
- De minimis aid provisions
- Miscellaneous technical amendments
- Care and management
- Short title, construction and commencement
Schedule
- Miscellaneous technical amendments in relation to tax